January 14, 2005
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TOPIC: THE ART OF HAPPINESS
This is in response to a post on Dara’s site on sexual selection:
Freshman year I read a book (ok…I read part of a book) called “The Third Chimpanzee,” by Jared Diamond, and there was a chapter called, “Why we smoke and do drugs,” or something to that extent. And he was arguing that we do things that handicap ourselves to show how strong we are, comparing this to antelopes or some animal that jumps up and down for a few seconds when being chased by a lion, in order to let the lion catch up, an example that says, “hey…i may get killed, but, if i survive, what a badass antelope am i.” I thought Diamond was an idiot, and I got a bad grade for attacking Diamond as an idiot, since he’s one smart mother f$#!er, so I fixed the paper to say, I think Diamond is off on this one. There’s so many other factors for why human beings do things. I don’t know if antelopes get a buzz from the near death of being chased by a lion, the same way we get a buzz from drinking a beer, or ingesting whatever your drug of choice. We no longer choose our mates purely based on how strong our husband will be, so that they can protect me from other cavemen who want to rape me, and so we can have strong healthy kids who will be able to wrestle with lions to eat that stupid antelope who should’ve run away when he had the chance.
Sexual selection today isn’t biological anymore. I may marry someone rich so I can be a stay-at-home dad, but the bimbo I married might be mentally off a bit, and then we’ll have to spend all our riches on our mentally not-so-well endowed children. There’s factors way beyond human survival and offspring, and that throws off the whole biological mating equation.
The peacocks tail is a genetic sign of fertility that is independant of environment. The singer Bocelli’s voice is, likewise, not a sign of strength or fertility. His brilliant voice is part voice, and part envinronment, meaning his connections in life. How many other Bocelli’s are out there who simply lack the resources to develop their genetic talents? What about professional athletes…gentic talent plays a part, and going to basketball camp, basketball clinics, having a good coach, all those things affect your final product. When you choose a mate, whether it’s for their beautiful voice or their athletic ability, you are choosing based on cultural norms. Say we plopped Dara in some African villiage, all of a sudden, she’s seen either as a goddess or the devil depending on the culture, and she’ll either be swarmed by guys wanting to get in her pants, or guys wanting to burn her on a stick.
The relation between genes and behaviors is both interesting, and important. They haven’t located genes that say you’ll be a good singer, or a good basketball player, or that you’ll get into Harvard (although people will pay thousands for egg donors of Ivy League graduates). It’s interesting to me that there are pre-disposition genes for such things as alcoholism and depression, meaning environment plays a large role in whether your psychological/behavioral gene will show up. This interest me, because someone w/ an alcoholic gene won’t become an alcoholic in a society w/ no alcohol. Similarly, all these recent cases of depression in America wouldn’t happen if we were a more chill society like Australia…stress causes depression, and American culture is built on financial and professional success, which causes stress.
Also…if there’s genes for depression, then there must be genes for happiness. Zinn talks about this a bit, when people try to argue that war is “human nature,” as if it’s in our genes. But…we’ve gone periods without war, and some cultures have never waged war in their lives, so if it’s in our genes to commit acts of violence, it’s similarly in our genes to commits acts of generosity and compassion. What makes those behavioral genes come into play is environment.
As I think further about this…I really would like to debunk the idea of a medical cause, or a pre-disposition for depression, or at least, to balance it out w/ a medical cause or a gene for happiness. The medical environment/culture we have developed has shifted the focus more towards biology, and away from the environmental factors that bring out the behaviors and mental states we diagnose.
Why is major league baseball trying to ban steroids? Steroids builds better athletes, just as prozac, alcohol, and marijuana builds happier people. We ban most drugs because they’re harmful (but, clearly, in the case of crack cocaine vs. powder cocaine, we’ve criminalized certain drugs because poor people use one kind and rich people use another). So…why else would we ban drugs? Part of why we ban athletic enhancing drugs (and techniques like injecting yourself with oxygen rich blood), at the Olympic level, is to keep a level playing field. It’s to say, we want to see who the best athletes are, and we want them to be “naturally,” the best. The world has decided, that we want a world full of world-class athletes, and we want those athletes to be the products of hard work.
When it comes to producing people happy with their lives, the world, with America at the lead, has taken an approach that says, mental steroids is the way to go. In doing so, we ignore many of the risks (Prozac has led to increased suicide rates in certain patients) and we lose an appreciation for the natural “art of happiness,” and we do so at our own peril. Just like many things in America, the rules of happiness have been dominated by a corporate culture full of advertising, that tells you material possessions, degrees, job titles, and money, will make you happy. As we see more and more reasons why certain corporations are harmful to the poor, to the environment, and to our democracy, it has become clear, to me at least, that corporations are largely responsible for setting the rules of the massive game of Life.
This is in part an argument against a completely laissez-faire system with no government intervention in business affairs. If there is money to be made, a business will be created, regardless of how it may harm society. The government has interfered with business by setting drinking ages, by banning certain drugs, limiting cigarette advertising, by banning certain automobiles that are harmful to the environment. These are examples of the government regulating profits, for the intent of the public good (I think our drinking age should be lowered, but this is not an argument that the government does a bad job at protecting the public good, it just means we need to have more discussion about it). Until public mental health is discussed as a public good, we will continue to be bombarded by those businesses who are making large profits promoting unhealthy mental lifestyles, and the mental steroids that goes with them.
The first step in fighting corporate dominance in the game of Life, is to free yourself from its rules. Re-define success. Pursue a job that means something to you. Develop your compassionate gene. Develop your happiness gene. Pursue experiences and relationships that will last longer than material possessions that can easily be lost, stolen, or destroyed. Read, listen, and watch non-corporate media. Read Tuesday’s With Morrie. Wear sunscrean. Do an Outward Bound course. Come up with your own rules for life, and follow them.
cheers,
-dan
Comments (5)
“comparing this to antelopes or some animal that jumps up and down for a few seconds when being chased by a lion”
In ecology they say that the antelope does this to demonstrate that he is too fast for the lion and that the lion should just give up. The lion thinks its not worth it, but they have to test the validity of this too keep the antelope from lying all the time. Its a small part of what makes up coevolution between prey and predator relationships.
but who knows
I’m generally against drug laws, when that means prohibition, because, it never works. But that doesn’t mean I’m against saying “if you do this, don’t do that.” as in: drunk driving (though when I say “drunk driving” I mean being impaired, not having trace amounts of alcohol in your system). So baseball, because it pays guys millions to do very little except provide “believable” entertainment, can say “you can’t do steroids.” But if you want to get drunk and do steroids and play softball in the park on Sunday, be my guest…
I’m pretty against rules myself, but I accept that as my choice, and realize it impacts things like earnings capability.
Dan, in evolutionary theory (and science in general – who ever would have thought I’d start to become a science nerd? I even subscribe to The Edge) we can’t have happiness without depression. We can’t have war without peace. It makes sense. We wouldn’t know peace unless we knew war.
In evolutionary theory there is a reason for everything – certain people are prone to violence (Hawks) and certain people are prone to peace (Doves) and those people can be hardcore Hawks or Doves, or they can swap back and forth given the situation. On the whole, most of us are the swappers. In a sale at Saks Off Fifth, I’m as Hawkish as they get. But if some bitch wants to give me dirty looks in a bar, I’m a Dove because I couldn’t give two shits about that pettiness. But there needs to be the dichotomy. In some instances a Dovish personality pays off (Martin Luther King, Jr.) and in other instances a Hawkish personality pays off (Malcolm X). It really just depends. And since the world is so vast and the possibility of varying scenarios absolutely limitless, there are ways for both kinds of people to survive, thrive and succeed.
And your absolutely that culture plays a huge part in what and how we act. Andrea Bocelli would be considered a fraud in some cultures. I had a dance teacher who had a friend (fellow dancer – skinniest woman alive) whose husband up and moved the family to Micronesia. And this slender dancer who had a coveted body in the West was reviled in her culture because she wasn’t 200 pounds. Culture is a big deal. But also consider that there are many psychologists who believe that culture and cognition have a symbiotic relationship – culture can develop certain cognitions and certain cognitions can develop specific cultures.
I realize that nobody has proven yet that genes aren’t a measure of talent. And I don’t necessary believe that because my mother could sing that that’s the reason I can sing. And I also know that i don’t have as a good a voice now as I could have had because my parents couldn’t afford to get me singing lessons when i was growing up. But I also know that even with all the singing lessons in the world, I would never be a Bernadette Peters or a Whitney Houston. There is something in those women’s genetic make-ups that makes them prone to those talents. And in the case of Whitney Houston, her mother was also a very famous Gospel singer, Cece Peniston (I have no idea if I spelled that write).
I know I literally just nitpicked like the tiniest aspects of your rebuttal – but I needed to cross-examine!
I want to re-but your re-but, generally, some parts of evolutionary theory, which i’ll look more into now, but specifically the issues of war and peace. I’m assuming the evolutionary theory you’re referring to has to do with genetic evolution. Over time, genetic mutations occur that create new genes, then the strongest survive, etc. I need to re-sit my human ev class (greatest class ever…but too much damn memorization), anyways, I don’t think that evolutionary theory is a proof that war MUST exist, and if I’m wrong, please tell me.
I think the culture-cognition is interesting…not gonna touch it just yet.
When you say we can’t KNOW happiness w/out depression, we begin to talk more about philosophy than science. Taoist say that we should aim to be “content,” eliminating any desire to be happy, thereby eliminating any possibility of experiencing unhappiness. It is desire we must eliminate, including the desire to be happy. When it comes to happiness, it does seem like there is a spectrum, so you need to experience downs to realize that there are ups, unless you’re a taoist, and maintain a peaceful neutral.
In a football game, you can’t have a winner, without a loser. Certain things are zero-sum…you’ve got yourself a spectrum, there’s two poles, (win/lose, happy/sad, war/peace, hawk/dove, shopper/non-shopper) and you’re somewhere on that spectrum. Except, all those examples do not really work. I’m trying to figure out how to frame this argument…
Peace is defined as the absence of war. So…it would seem, that we need war, for there to be peace. This is speaking philosophically. But practically, or scientifically, I don’t see any basis for the argument that peace cannot exist without war. War is a cultural act. It is also uniquely a human act (i don’t think other species kill each other in quite the same way we do).
Here’s a different example. You can’t have previews, without the movie. But you can have a movie, without such a thing as previews existing. Perhaps a world with peace, but not war? But…as I said before, peace and war are philosophically linked because they are opposites. Movies and previews are not.
Happy/sad are opposite, but they are also scientific because chemicals in the brain ultimately affect our moods. I don’t see any scientific explanation for hawkish/dovish behaviors, except for environment. The different methods of fighting for a cause between Martin Luther King and Malcolm X are just that, different methods, not different biological dispositions. If they had been switched at birth, they likely would have lived very different lives. Again, no evolutionary theory for their hawkish/dovish behaviors.
Therefore, we do not need war, to have peace. At the very least, there is no evolutionary reason why war evolved, or why we have hawks/doves in the world. There is no evidence why we have evolved a world where war exists, and we have no evidence why we, as a species, cannnot evolve a world of peace.
Ted Kennedy did a great speech on Social Security that got zero news coverage. Understand why the media is with Bush on this: “Private Accounts” is simply a windfall for stockbrokers and current corporate stockholders. It would flood new money into Wall Street and produce perhaps three years of huge profits, especially for stock-option rich folks like those who run GE, Disney, and Viacom. Then it will all crash, but after those folks and the Bush family have cashed-out. Notice how in the whole nation, only Paul Krugman is pointing out that the UK is still trying to buy itself out of the multi-billion dollar hole Margaret Thatcher created with the same scheme. Of course her family got super-rich off it too.